Nécessaire in the form of an oblong box with hinged lid, grey agate mounted with repoussé and chased gold openwork: English, London, c. 1760

Rectangular mahogany chest with inlaid brass decoration, made to contain the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, probably 1803, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Large wooden tray from the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, c. 1803, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Small wooden tray from the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, c. 1803, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Wooden plate holder with brass plate lifter, from the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, c. 1803, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Writing drawer of wood, brass, ebony and leather from the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, c. 1803, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Money tray of wood, brass and ebony from the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, c. 1803, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Steel key for the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, c. 1803, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Small steel key for the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, c. 1803, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Small steel key for the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, c. 1803, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Large silver-gilt canister, with a cover, from the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, by Marie-Joseph-Gabriel Genu, hallmarked 1798 - 1809, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Silver-gilt beaker, with a card and silk liner, from the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, by Martin-Guillaume Biennais, hallmarked 1809 - 1819, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Tall silver-gilt canister, with a cover, from the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, by Marie-Joseph-Gabriel Genu, hallmarked 1798 - 1809, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Silver-gilt and ebony teapot, with a cover, from the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, by Marie-Joseph-Gabriel Genu and Martin-Guillaume Biennais, hallmarked 1798 - 1809, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Silver-gilt tea caddy, with a cover and a card and silk liner, from the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, by Marie-Joseph-Gabriel Genu and Martin-Guillaume Biennais, hallmarked 1798 - 1809, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825

Liner of card and green silk, to protect a silver-gilt tea caddy and cover, from the nécessaire de voyage or travelling service assembled by Martin-Guillaume Biennais for Napoleon's sister, the Princess Pauline Borghese, possibly at the time of her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese in 1803: French, Paris, c. 1800 - 1804, bequeathed to Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton, in 1825