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  • What's on

  • Discover index

    • The pioneering women of ornithology
    • The incredible migration of the Monarch Butterfly
    • Discovering dinosaur bones on a Scottish island
    • Falling to earth: The Chelyabinsk Meteorite
    • Where do taxidermy animals come from?
    • The mysterious 15 million year gap in our evolution
    • The enigmatic origin of a beautiful igneous rock
    • Tyrannosaurus rex
    • The glass artists who mastered museum models
    • Woolly mammoths in Scotland and beyond
  • Schools Resources

    • Museum Maker: Busy Blue Tit
    • Museum Maker: How to draw the Hunterston brooch
    • Museum Maker: How to make paper art
    • Ancient Egyptian maths resources
    • Romans Trail
    • Rewilding Trail
    • Dinosaur workshop - accompanying resources
    • Lewis’s Scottish Adventure Trail
    • A World of Maths Trail
    • Farm Trail
    • Harald's Viking Quest
    • Second World War: Meet the WAAF workshop - accompanying resources
    • Museum Maker: How to make an owl badge
    • Make a pitfall trap
    • Ancient Egypt workshop - accompanying resources
    • Cryptography challenge
    • Dinosaurs Trail
    • Be a famous fashion designer like Jean Muir
    • Make your own Lewis chess piece
    • Fantastic Flying Forces workshop - accompanying resources
    • Make your own Celtic torc
    • Biodiversity workshop - accompanying resources
    • Museum Maker: Make a champion’s rosette
    • Viking activities to try at home
    • Museum Maker: Bird Safari
    • Museum Maker: How to draw a King Penguin
    • Inventors and Inventions
    • Draw a dinosaur or mammoth
    • Make an animal mask
    • Colour in the collections
    • Hedjet's Ancient Egyptian Adventure Trail
    • Make a Recyclesaurus
    • Museum Maker: How to draw an Egyptian Coffin
    • Make your own bunting
    • Museum Stories with Chief Chebe
    • Galloway Hoard: learning resources
    • The Cold War
    • The Romans digital session- accompanying resources
    • Meet the Vikings digital session - accompanying resources
  • Schools Sessions

    • Injecting Hope: The Race for a COVID-19 Vaccine exhibition visit
    • Cold War Scotland exhibition visit
    • Museum Stories: Ancient Egypt
    • A Dinosaur Adventure
    • National Museum of Flight self-led visit
    • National War Museum self-led visit
    • National Museum of Rural Life self-led visit
    • National Museum of Scotland self-led visit
    • Museum Explorer
    • Mini Engineers
    • Viking Explorer
    • Energy and Sustainability
    • Egypt Explorer
    • Animal Adaptations
    • An Egyptian Adventure
    • Museum on the Move - National Museum of Scotland
    • Second World War: Meet the WAAF
    • Meet the Vikings
    • Fantastic Flying Forces - digital session
    • Dinosaurs!
    • Biodiversity: Life in Scotland
    • Ancient Egypt: Mummification and the Afterlife
    • The Romans
    • Transport
    • Second World War Scotland
    • Museum on the Move - National Museum of Flight
    • Flying Friction
    • First World War Aviation
    • Fantastic Flying Forces
    • Second World War: Evacuees
    • Ice Cream Making
    • Farm to Fork
    • Butter Making
    • Second World War Explorer
    • Roman Explorer
  • Pages

  • National Museum of Scotland
    • Plan your visit
      • Accessibility
      • Museum map
      • Eating and drinking
      • Group visits
    • What's on
    • See and do
      • Explore the galleries
        • Grand Gallery
        • Art, Design, and Fashion galleries
        • Natural World galleries
        • Science and Technology galleries
        • Scottish History and Archaeology
        • World Cultures galleries
        • Family galleries
      • Roof Terrace
      • Tours and trails
        • South Asian Stories trail
        • Selfie Safari
        • Family Puzzle trail
        • Architecture trail
    • Families
  • National Museum of Flight
    • Plan your visit
      • Accessibility
      • Museum map
      • Eating and drinking
    • What's on
    • See and do
      • Concorde Experience and Jet Age
      • Civil Aviation hangar
      • Military Aviation hangar
      • Aircraft location
      • Galleries and displays
      • Airfield and grounds
      • Museum trails
        • Museum audio tour
    • Book tickets
  • National Museum of Rural Life
    • Plan your visit
      • Accessibility
      • Museum map
      • Eating and drinking
      • Group visits
    • What's on
    • See and do
      • Inside the museum
      • Farm and farmhouse
      • Countryside and grounds
      • Museum trails
    • Book tickets
  • National War Museum
    • Plan your visit
      • Accessibility
      • Museum map
    • What's on
    • See and do
      • Explore the galleries
      • Museum trails
  • National Museums Collection Centre
  • Collections
    • Research
      • Research and knowledge exchange projects
      • Doctoral research projects
        • Collaborative Doctoral Partnership opportunities
        • Doctoral studentships in the Earth and Environment Sciences
      • Collaborate with us
      • Human remains in our collections
    • Departments
      • Collections Services
        • Behind the scenes
          • The journey of a yellow mantua
          • Conserving a Blaschka model
          • Working on the Turkey Red archive
      • Natural Sciences
        • Earth Systems
        • Invertebrates
          • Entomology
          • Marine Invertebrates
        • Palaeobiology
        • Vertebrate Biology
          • Birds
          • Mammals
          • Lower vertebrates
          • Other vertebrates
        • Meet the team
        • Biobank
        • Projects
          • From Feed the Birds to Do Not Feed the Animals
          • The Birth of Mammals
          • Rocks and the Rise of Ordovician Life
          • CryoArks
          • The TWeed project: Evolution’s Missing Chapter
          • Virginia Solite Quarry
          • Ovipositor of sawflies for the design and manufacture of enhanced surgical tools
          • Illuminating the ‘dark age’ of pterosaur evolution: an exceptional skeleton from the Middle Jurassic of Skye, Scotland
          • Thalattosuchia: neurosensory development during a land-to-water evolutionary transition
          • Big Cat Biogeography, Morphology, and Climate Change
          • Insect response to environmental perturbation during the end Triassic mass extinction
          • Origin and Evolution of Mammals: study of an exceptionally preserved skeleton from the Middle Jurassic of Skye, Scotland
      • Science & Technology
        • Meet the team
        • Science
        • Technology
        • Projects
          • Materialising the Cold War
          • Tools of Knowledge
          • Observatory Sites & Networks Since 1780
          • ReINVENT and ReCREATE
          • The Cold War in Scotland: Technology, Heritage and the British Warfare State
          • Intellectual Properties: Transferring Science from Universities to National Museums Scotland
          • Democratising knowledge: Chambers's Encyclopaedia
      • Global Arts, Cultures & Design
        • Meet the team
        • Asia
          • East and Central Asia
          • West, South and Southeast Asia
        • European Decorative Arts
        • The Mediterranean, Africa, Americas, and Oceania
          • Ancient Mediterranean
          • Africa, Americas and Oceania
        • Modern and Contemporary Design
          • Decorative Arts, Craft and Design
          • Fashion and Textiles
        • Projects
          • Conserving Korean hanging scrolls
          • Chitrali Shu
          • Concepts Have Teeth
          • Entangled Knowledges
          • Reveal and Connect: African and Caribbean Collections in Scottish Museums
          • Buying Power: British Archaeology and the Antiquities Market in Egypt and Sudan 1880 - 1939
            • Event catch up: Buying Power
          • People and Plants
          • Exchange: Community-Led Collections Research
          • Egypt's Dispersed Heritage
          • WITH Coastal Style
          • Revealing the Layers: the Umbrian Madonna and Child
          • Colouring the Nation
          • African Commemorative Textiles Project with Edinburgh College of Art
          • Scottish collectors and collecting in central Africa, 1870–1930
          • African Barkcloth: Tradition, Innovation and Change
          • The Fabric of Life: Early Polynesian barkcloth in context
          • Imagining ancient Egypt in the age of empire: Identity and power in Scottish museum displays of Egyptian objects, 1860 to 1930
          • Shaping Taste, Building Knowledge: Collecting China in Scotland, in the early 20th Century
          • Imagining the Pacific in Scotland in the late 18th and early 19th Centuries: Collectors and Collections, Museums and Universities
          • Understanding colour in Renaissance embroidery: new analytical approaches
          • Tibetan Collections in Scottish Museums 1890-1930: A Critical Historiography of Missionary and Military Intent
          • British Collecting in Ethiopia 1769 to 1960: Explorers, Missionaries, Military Expeditions, and Royal Gifting
        • South Asian Stories
      • Scottish History & Archaeology
        • Meet the team
        • Prehistoric and Roman Archaeology
        • Medieval Archaeology and History
        • Renaissance and Early Modern History
        • Modern and Contemporary History
        • Treasure Trove
        • Post-excavation analysis
        • Projects
          • Unwrapping the Galloway Hoard
            • The Galloway Hoard: Dr Martin Goldberg in conversation with Michael Hirst
            • The Galloway Hoard: Where did the silver come from?
            • The Galloway Hoard: A decade of discovery
          • Reclaiming Romance
          • Baggage and Belonging: Collecting practices of the British Army
          • Material Encounters
          • Hidden in Plain Sight
          • Glenmorangie Research Project into Early Medieval Scotland
            • Rediscovering Viking-age Scotland with Michael Wood
          • The Matter of Slavery in Scotland
          • Prehistoric Gold in Britain
            • Late Bronze Age penannular ‘hair ring’ from Cladh Hallan, South Uist
            • Gold lunulae from Harlyn Bay, Cornwall
            • The Knowes of Trotty discs
            • Ystradowen finger ingot
            • The Culduthel wristguard rivet caps
            • The Colaton Raleigh Hoard, Devon
            • The Heyope Hoard
            • Gold-bound spearheads from Carnoustie and Pyotdykes
            • Late Bronze Age cup-ended ornament from Skye
            • The Minch torc: a treasure from the deep
            • The Adabrock bead
            • Late Bronze Age bracelets from Hillhead, Caithness
            • The Douglas Nugget, Britain's largest gold nugget
            • Late Bronze Age gold hoard from Cae Capel Eithin (Gaerwen), Anglesey, Wales
            • The Whitefarland Hoard, Arran
          • Scotland's Archaeological Human Remains Collections
          • Silver, Status and Society
          • Wha' bears a blade for Scotland?
          • Trading Places
          • The Elect and the Damned: the material culture of belief in post-Reformation Scotland, 1560-1750
          • Material Spirits: Objects, Past and Landscape in Contemporary Scottish Whisky
          • Dress and the individual in medieval Scotland, 1200–1600
          • Coinage, landscape and society in the borderlands: economy, politics and identity in Scotland and northern England, 1136-1603
          • The Material Culture of Mass Politics in Scotland, c. 1815 - c. 1914
          • Loyal Exchange: the material and visual culture of Jacobite exile, 1716-60
          • Collecting the Nation: Scottish history, patriotism and antiquarianism after Scott, (1832-91)
      • Library Services
        • Library collection
        • Request to view Special Collections
        • Research Library
        • National War Museum Library
    • Facilities
      • Scottish Life Archive
      • Loans
        • Request a loan
        • Items loaned by National Museums Scotland
      • Picture Library
        • Apply for an image licence
        • Apply for a digital asset licence
        • Apply for permission to take photographs
    • Contemporary collecting
    • Colonial histories and legacies in our museums
      • The Benin Dialogue Group
  • Discover
  • Schools
    • Plan a visit
      • National Museum of Scotland
      • National Museum of Flight
      • National Museum of Rural Life
      • National War Museum
    • Digital Schools Sessions FAQs
    • Overseas and language school groups
  • Our impact
    • National work
      • Training and guidance for museums
        • Collections Care
          • Object handling
          • Object packing
            • How to make and use tissue puffs
            • How to pack with pinned plastazote
            • How to pack textiles
            • How to pack paper and unframed artworks
            • How to soft wrap objects
            • How to pack and use bespoke boxes and crates
          • Object labelling
            • Labelling paper objects
            • Labelling a metal or ceramic object
            • Labelling a textile object
          • Integrated pest management
            • How to identify pests
            • How to prevent infestation
            • How to deal with infestation
            • How to monitor pests
        • Caring for entomology collections
          • Why do museums collect insects?
          • Preservation and storage methods
          • Identifying pests and managing infestations
          • Specimen preparation and conservation
          • Collections data
        • Photographing collections
          • Workflow and preparation
          • Lighting, composition, and colour balance
          • Adobe Creative Cloud
          • Photoshop Elements
        • Archaeological Human Remains Collections
          • The potential of archaeological human remains
          • What happens when human remains are found?
          • Considerations on ethical curation
          • Osteoarchaeology
          • Radiocarbon dating
          • Isotope analysis
          • Human Ancient DNA
          • Why curate human remains?
        • Ancient Egypt and East Asia resources
        • Introduction to Pacific Collections resource
        • Social Impact Toolkit
        • Next of Kin resources
        • Documentation of fossils and natural science collections
      • National Fund for Acquisitions
        • NFA Special Funding Scheme 2024/25
        • History of the National Fund for Acquisitions
      • Collections reviews
        • Scotland's Ancient Egyptian collections
          • Egypt in North East Scotland
          • Egypt in the Highlands and Islands
          • Egypt in Tayside, Central and Fife
          • Egypt in Edinburgh and Lothians
          • Egypt in Glasgow and Strathclyde
          • Egypt in Scotland South
        • Scotland's East Asia Collections
          • East Asia in North East Scotland
          • East Asia in the Highlands and Islands
          • East Asia in Tayside, Central and Fife
          • East Asia in Edinburgh and Lothians
          • East Asia in Glasgow and Strathclyde
          • East Asia in Scotland South
        • Scotland's Fossil collections
          • Fossils in North East Scotland
          • Fossils in the Highlands and Islands
          • Fossils in Tayside, Central and Fife
          • Fossils in Edinburgh and Lothians
          • Fossils in Glasgow and Strathclyde
          • Fossils in Scotland South
        • Pacific collections in Scottish Museums
          • Pacific collections at Glasgow Museums
          • Pacific collections at the University of Aberdeen Museums
          • Pacific collections at National Museums Scotland
          • Pacific collections at Perth Museum and Art Gallery
          • Pacific regions
          • Other Scottish collections
        • African and Caribbean Collections in Scottish Museums
      • The Galloway Hoard national tour
      • Ancient Egypt and East Asia National Programme
      • First World War centenary
    • International work
      • Touring exhibitions
        • Monkeys! A Primate Story
        • Design in Colour: Bernat Klein’s Mid-century Revolution
        • Body Beautiful: Diversity on the Catwalk
        • Audubon's Birds of America
        • Treasures of the Viking-Age: The Galloway Hoard
    • Community and access
      • Programmes
        • Museum Socials
        • Friday Friends
        • Relaxed and ASN family programmes
        • Wellbeing at the museum
      • Projects
        • Climate Change for All
        • Scotland 365
          • Co-design
          • Activities
          • Resources and reports
        • Find your thing
        • Girls Rip It Up
        • Inspired: Films by HND Television students from Edinburgh College
        • Powering Up Schools Science Outreach
        • HomeWorks
        • Out and About in Edinburgh: an adult learners' course
        • Panjab Connections
        • Magic Carpet World
        • Victorian photography workshops
        • Scotland Creates
        • Margaret's Wardrobe
      • Group visits
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